Electronics: Integrated Circuits

Caupayan.JeddaAnne G. BSEd-4

Integrated Circuits

I. Introduction

We already know much about some of the components of a circuit lie resistors, capacitors and transistors. In this chapter you will learn about a circuit that has those three electronic devices. This chapter includes the definition integrated circuit its types and applications.

Figure 1: Integrated Circuit

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I. Definition

Integrated circuit is also known as micro chip or chip. It is a semiconductor that is composed of millions of resistors, capacitors and transistors. They said that integrated circuit is the keystone of modern electronics. It is also the heart and brain of most circuits because it can be found on every circuit board. All those electronic devices that is present in an integrated circuit are connected together to achieve a common goal and that is to be an amplifier, oscillator, timer, counter, computer memory or micro processor. IC is categorized into two, the linear or analog and digital. They can be used depending on its intended application.

Figure2: The guts of an integrated circuit, visible after removing the top.

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II. Types of Integrated Circuit

1. Linear Integrated Circuit (Analog)

-has a variable output that is continuous that depends on the input signal level

-the output signal level is a linear function of the input signal level, it means that when the instantaneous output is graphed against the instantaneous input, the plot appears as a straight line

-it is used as audio-frequency and radio frequency amplifiers

Figure 3: Linear IC

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2. Digital Integrated Circuit

-can be seen and used only at few defined levels or states rather that a continuous range of signal amplitudes

-its fundamental building blocks are logic gates which work with binary data that is signals that have only two different states, called low (logic 0) and high (logic 1)